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EthiopiaFANTA-2 has been providing technical support to the Government of Ethiopia, as well as to USAID/Ethiopia, its PEPFAR partners and Title II Cooperating Sponsors in activities such as support to integration of nutrition into the health system, and incorporation of nutrition interventions by PVOs and other partners. Under FANTA, assistance was also provided in developing food security strategies, refining indicators used by the USAID Mission, establishing national guidelines and implementing the Layers methodology. National Guidelines and Tools for Nutrition Care and Support for PLHIV: FANTA recently worked with the Government of Ethiopia, USAID/Ethiopia and its PEPFAR partners to develop guidelines and tools for the clinical nutrition care and support of PLHIV which were completed in 2008. FANTA also initiated a process to strengthen nutrition assessment and counseling at HIV treatment and care sites and to strengthen coordination of nutrition and HIV activities in the country. Review of Essential Nutrition Actions in Ethiopia: The Essential Nutrition Actions (ENA) package is an approach to expand the coverage of seven affordable and evidence-based actions to improve the nutritional status of women and children, especially those under two years of age. FANTA’s Review of Incorporation of Essential Nutrition Actions into Public Health Programs in Ethiopia found that the approach has been incorporated into the Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) system and multilateral and NGO programming, however, improved training and other steps are necessary to further institutionalize the approach. The review, requested by USAID/Ethiopia, examined a number of facilitating and inhibiting factors to ENA integration in the context of Ethiopia’s health system. CMAM Program Review: FANTA worked closely USAID’s Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) in Washington and in the field to conduct reviews of CMAM program implementation in Sub-Saharan Africa (Ethiopia, Malawi and Niger) to identify lessons learned and contextual factors that facilitate and or constrain integration of CMAM in post-emergency and development settings. FANTA produced country reports with key lessons learned, then synthesized the findings from the three countries into Review of Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) in the Post-emergency Context: Synthesis of Lessons on Integration of CMAM into National Health Systems. Field Validation of Alternative Sampling Designs in Emergency Settings: FANTA, in collaboration with CRS, Save the Children/US and Ohio State University, applied LQAS methods to develop and test three new sampling designs to respond to the data collection priorities of emergency settings. These alternative sampling designs have been field tested in Sudan and Ethiopia, where they were shown to provide rapid and statistically reliable methods for assessing the prevalence of global acute malnutrition, in addition to a number of other child and household level indicators. The study, A Field Test of Three LQAS Designs to Assess the Prevalence of Acute Malnutrition was published in the International Journal of Epidemiology in May 2007. Refining Indicators and Data Collection: FANTA developed a methodology for collecting key indicator data to be used by the Mission under the Government of Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP). This methodology, which uses Percent of Household Emergency Needs Met by the Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Committee (DPPC), will reflect the relative success of the Mission to build the capacity of the Ethiopian Government's DPPC to respond to food emergencies. Layers Methodology: Implementation of the Layers methodology has allowed the Mission to better monitor its activities, identify potential problems and ensure that food aid is being delivered to the intended populations. In Ethiopia, FANTA developed Layers modules to verify the quality of infrastructure built under Food for Work activities. These modules have been adapted and used other countries as well. Nutrition Advocacy: In recent years, the focus for Title II programming has shifted from nutrition interventions to a strong focus on food and cash transfers to chronically food-insecure areas. FANTA-2 is continuing FANTA's work here, using DHS data collection and the ongoing work on the National Nutrition Strategy to advocate for a reassessment of health and nutrition priorities in Ethiopia. One method for such advocacy is through PROFILES workshops, a process for nutrition policy analysis and advocacy that uses spreadsheet models to estimate the functional consequences of malnutrition, quantified in terms of work productivity, health and survival.
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